CSA Z662:23

1 Scope 1.1 There is a commentary available for this Clause. This Standard covers the design, construction, operation, maintenance, deactivation, and abandonment of oil and gas industry pipeline systems that convey a) liquid hydrocarbons, including crude oil, multiphase fluids, condensate, liquid petroleum products, natural gas liquids, and liquefied petroleum gas; b) oilfield water; c) oilfield steam; d) liquid or dense phase carbon dioxide; or e) gas. Notes: 1) Vapour phase carbon dioxide and hydrogen pipeline systems fall under Item e). 2) Designers are cautioned that the requirements in this Standard might not be appropriate for gases other than natural gas, manufactured gas, vapour phase carbon dioxide, hydrogen, and synthetic gas. 1.2 There is a commentary available for this Clause. The scope of this Standard, as shown in Figures 1.1 and 1.2, includes a) for oil industry fluids, piping and equipment in offshore pipelines, onshore pipelines, tank farms, pump stations, pressure-regulating stations, and measuring stations; b) oil pump stations, pipeline tank farms, and pipeline terminals; c) pipe-type storage vessels; d) carbon dioxide pipelines; e) for gas industry fluids, piping and equipment in offshore pipelines, onshore pipelines, compressor stations, measuring stations, hydrogen blending facilities, and pressure-regulating stations; f) gas compressor stations; and g) gas storage lines and pipe-type and bottle-type gas storage vessels. Notes: 1) Gas industry fluids from renewable natural gas (RNG) and other production facilities are included in Item e). 2) Measuring and pressure-regulating stations that include blended gas industry fluids are included in Item e). 1.3 There is a commentary available for this Clause. This Standard does not apply to a) piping with metal temperatures below –70 °C; b) gas piping beyond the outlet of the customer’s meter set assembly (covered by CSA B149.1); c) piping in natural gas liquids extraction plants, gas processing plants (except main gas stream piping in dehydration and all other processing plants installed as part of gas pipeline systems), gas manufacturing plants, industrial plants, and mines; d) oil refineries, terminals other than pipeline terminals, and marketing bulk plants; e) abandoned piping; f) in-plant piping for drinking, make-up, or boiler feed water; g) casing, tubing, or pipe in oil or gas wells, wellheads, separators, production tanks, and other production facilities; h) vent piping for waste gases of any kind operating at or near atmospheric pressure; i) heat exchangers; j) liquefied natural gas systems (covered by CSA Z276); k) liquid fuel distribution systems; l) loading/unloading facilities for tankers or barges; m) refuelling facilities; n) hydrocarbon storage in underground formations and associated equipment (covered by CSA Z341 Series); o) RNG, biogas, and synthetic gas production facilities; and p) hydrogen gas production facilities. 1.4 There is a commentary available for this Clause. This Standard is intended to establish essential requirements and minimum standards for the design, construction, operation, pipeline system management, and abandonment of oil and gas industry pipeline systems. This Standard is not an application manual for these activities. It is intended to be used by persons competent to make technical judgments in the areas to which this Standard is being applied including engineering, safety, and environmental protection. Note: Where newly developed materials or processes are used, or unusual conditions are encountered, requirements in addition to those specified in this Standard might be needed. 1.5 There is a commentary available for this Clause. The requirements of this Standard are applicable to the operation, maintenance, and upgrading of existing installations. It is not intended that such requirements be applied retroactively to existing installations insofar as design, materials, construction, and established operating pressures are concerned, except as required by Clause 10.7.1 for changes in class location and Clause 10.8.1 for crossings of existing pipelines. 1.6 There is a commentary available for this Clause. Unless otherwise stated, to determine conformance with the specified requirements, it is intended that observed or calculated values be rounded to the nearest unit in the last right-hand place of figures used in expressing the limiting value, in accordance with the rounding method of ASTM E29. 1.7 There is a commentary available for this Clause. Where any requirements of this Standard are at variance with the requirements of other publications referenced in this Standard, it is intended that the requirements of this Standard govern. 1.8 There is a commentary available for this Clause. It is not the intent of this Standard to prevent the development of new equipment or practices, or to prescribe how such innovations are to be handled. 1.9 In this Standard, “shall” is used to express a requirement, i.e., a provision that the user is obliged to satisfy in order to comply with the Standard; “should” is used to express a recommendation or that which is advised but not required; and “may” is used to express an option or that which is permissible within the limits of the Standard. Notes accompanying clauses do not include requirements or alternative requirements; the purpose of a note accompanying a clause is to separate from the text explanatory or informative material. Notes to tables and figures are considered part of the table or figure and may be written as requirements. Annexes are designated normative (mandatory) or informative (non-mandatory) to define their application.