Z662-96

1. Scope 1.1 This Standard covers the design, construction, operation, and maintenance of oil and gas industry pipeline systems that convey (a) liquid hydrocarbons, including crude oil, multiphase fluids, condensate, liquid petroleum products, natural gas liquids, and liquefied petroleum gas; (b) oilfield water; (c) oilfield steam; (d) carbon dioxide used in oilfield enhanced recovery schemes; or (e) gas*. *Designers are cautioned that the requirements in this Standard may not be appropriate for gases other than natural gas, manufactured gas, or synthetic natural gas. 1.2 The scope of this Standard, as shown in Figures 1.1 and 1.2, includes (a) for oil industry fluids, piping in offshore pipelines, onshore pipelines, tank farms, pump stations, pressure-reducing stations, and measuring stations; (b) oil pipeline pump stations, pipeline tank farms, and pipeline terminals; (c) for carbon dioxide pipeline systems, piping in onshore pipelines, pressure-reducing stations, and measuring stations; (d) for gas industry fluids, piping in offshore pipelines, onshore pipelines, compressor stations, measuring stations, and pressure-regulating stations; (e) gas compressor stations; and (f) gas storage lines and pipe-type and bottle-type gas storage vessels. 1.3 This Standard does not apply to (a) design and fabrication of pressure vessels that are covered by appropriate pressure vessel codes; (b) piping with metal temperatures below -70°C; (c) piping other than oilfield steam distribution piping, with metal temperatures above 230°C; Note: Although not specifically covered by this Standard, designs for higher temperatures may be used, provided that the effects of such higher temperatures are accounted for. (d) gas piping beyond the outlet of the customer's meter set assembly (which is covered by CGA Standard CAN/CGA-B149.1); (e) piping in natural gas liquids extraction plants, gas processing plants (except main gas stream piping in dehydration and all other processing plants installed as part of gas pipeline systems), gas manufacturing plants, industrial plants, and mines; (f) oil refineries, terminals other than pipeline terminals, and marketing bulk plants; (g) in-plant piping for drinking, make-up, or boiler feed water; (h) casing, tubing, or pipe in oil or gas wells, wellheads, separators, production tanks, and other production facilities; (i) vent piping for waste gases of any kind operating at or near atmospheric pressure; (j) heat exchangers; (k) prefabricated units that employ plate and longitudinal welds rather than pipe; (l) liquefied natural gas systems; (m) liquid fuel distribution systems; (n) loading/unloading facilities for tankers or barges; (o) natural gas refuelling stations; and (p) hydrocarbon storage in underground formations and associated equipment (which is covered by CSA Standard Z341). 1.4 This Standard is intended to establish essential requirements and minimum standards for the design, construction, and operation of oil and gas industry pipeline systems. This Standard is not a design handbook and the exercise of competent engineering judgement is a necessary requirement to be employed concurrently with its use. 1.5 The requirements of this Standard are applicable to the operation, maintenance, and upgrading of existing installations; however, it is not intended that such requirements be applied retroactively to existing installations insofar as design, construction, and established operating pressure are concerned. 1.6 Where any requirements of this Standard are at variance with the requirements of other standards or codes incorporated by reference into this Standard, the requirements of this Standard shall govern. 1.7 It is not the intent of this Standard to prevent the development of new equipment or practices, or to prescribe how such innovations should be handled.