Battery Circularity Standard

CSA Group
Standards Development Organisation:
Canadian Standards Association (operating as CSA Group)
Working Program:
View the CSA work program
Designation Number:
V801
Standard Type:
National Standard of Canada - Domestic
Standard Development Activity:
New Standard
ICS code(s):
43.150
31.020
Status:
Proceeding to development
SDO Comment Period Start Date:
SDO Comment Period End Date:
Posted On:

Scope:

Note: As requested by the responsible SDO, this NOI being reissued as the standard was in the initial stages of development for more than 12 months. An additional comment period of February 6 to February 27, 2024 (originally published on November 22, 2022).

 

The Battery Circularity Standard includes requirements for the battery lifecycle, covering mineral extraction, processing, battery manufacturing and assembly, distribution, end use application, and end of life management (reuse, recycling, and reprocessing). These elements include but are not limited to the following aspects:

  • Mining processes;
  • Mineral processing;
  • Battery manufacturing;
    • Labelling of battery (ex. material composition, recycled materials, etc.);
    • Design practices to simplify recycling;
  • End of life;
    • Monitoring database of spent batteries;
    • Safe disassembly of the battery from the vehicle;
    • Handling of the battery by personnel;
    • Transportation of batteries;
    • Storage of batteries;
    • Refurbishing batteries;
      • Facilities for removal, testing, storage, and processing of spent batteries;
      • Processing or re-purposing of batteries for second-life application;
    • Recycling batteries;
      • Processing of batteries for recycling;
      • Qualifying recycled materials for new batteries;
  • Disposal;
    • Processing of batteries for disposal.

This standard is applicable to lithium-ion batteries for vehicles (on- and off-road), energy storage, and other high power applications.

Project need:

Many governments have introduced strict emissions requirements for automotive OEMs, some even banning the sale of petroleum-fueled vehicles in the 2030s. Automotive OEMs have responded with plans to phase out the production of these polluting vehicles in the next 10 to 15 years with plans to replace them with zero-emission vehicles, primarily Electric Vehicles (EVs). Most EVs are powered by lithium-ion batteries (LiBs). LiBs are constructed with materials that are available in limited quantities and mined in energy-intensive processes. The average life of an automotive LiB can be upto 15 years, resulting in the first batch of LiBs currently on the road that are approaching their end of life (EoL). With the proliferation of EVs globally in the past decade, the number of LiBs reaching EoL will increase in the coming years. By 2030, the projected market share for LiBs in transportation applications will be 77%. These spent batteries present a series of environmental challenges such as leaking hazardous materials. With 80% of storage capacity remaining after use in a vehicle, LiBs also present economic opportunities in secondary applications since they are used in other applications such as energy storage, industrial devices, and portable electronics. There is a gap in policy, standards, and/or regulations to ensure that LiBs are part of a sustainable circular economy. This includes all stages of the LiB lifecycle such as mineral extraction, processing, manufacturing, distribution, use cases, service, and steps in the EoL management process (ex. disassembly from EVs, transportation, storage, suitability for other applications, recycling of materials and minerals, etc.).

Note: The information provided above was obtained by the Standards Council of Canada (SCC) and is provided as part of a centralized, transparent notification system for new standards development. The system allows SCC-accredited Standards Development Organizations (SDOs), and members of the public, to be informed of new work in Canadian standards development, and allows SCC-accredited SDOs to identify and resolve potential duplication of standards and effort.

Individual SDOs are responsible for the content and accuracy of the information presented here. The text is presented in the language in which it was provided to SCC.